Grinding

Grinding is a finishing process used to improve surface finish, abrade hard materials, and tighten the tolerance on flat and cylindrical surfaces by removing a small amount of material.
In grinding, an abrasive material rubs against the metal part and removes tiny pieces of material.
The abrasive material is typically on the surface of a wheel or belt and abrades material in a way similar to sanding.
On a microscopic scale, the chip formation in grinding is the same as that found in other machining processes.
The abrasive action of grinding generates excessive heat so that flooding of the cutting area with fluid is necessary.